ʻO ka hakakā geopolitical o nā makahiki i hala iho nei ua hoʻopau i ka ʻoihana kila Ukrainian.Hōʻike nā helu ʻikepili o ka World Steel Association i ka Soviet Union mua, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana kila kila o Ukraine ma mua o 50 miliona tonnes i kēlā me kēia makahiki;i ka makahiki 2021, ua emi iho kona hana kila kila i 21.4 miliona tona.Hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka hakakā geopolitical, ua luku ʻia kekahi o nā wili kila o Ukraine, a ua hāʻule hoʻi kāna hana kila kila ma 2022 i 6.3 miliona tonnes, kahi hāʻule a hiki i 71%.Wahi a ka Ukrainian Steel Trade Association (Ukrmetalurgprom), ma mua o Pepeluali 2022, ua ʻoi aku ka nui o Ukraine ma mua o 10 mau hale kila nui a me ka nui, me ka nui o ka nui o ke kila kila o 25.3 miliona tonnes, a ma hope o ka puka ʻana o ka hakakā ka ʻāina. ʻeono wale nō hale wili kila i koe ka nui o ka mana hana kila ma kahi o 17 miliona tonnes.Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka mea hou loa o ka World Steel Association's short-term demand forecast report i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ʻOkakopa i kēia makahiki, ʻo ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻoihana kila o Ukraine e hoʻomaikaʻi mālie a hoʻomau.Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana kila o ka ʻāina.
Kōkua ka papahana hana hou i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka koi kila.
Ua hoʻomaikaʻi ka koi kila ma Ukraine, e pōmaikaʻi ana i ka papahana kūkulu hou ʻana o ka ʻāina, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe.ʻIkepili mai ka Ukrainian Iron and Steel Trade Association i hōʻike i ka hana ʻana o ke kila crude o Ukraine i nā mahina 10 mua o 2023 he 5,16 miliona tonnes, ma lalo o 11,7% o ka makahiki;ʻO ka hana hao puaʻa he 4.91 miliona tonnes, ma lalo o 15.6% i kēlā me kēia makahiki;a ʻo ka hana kila he 4.37 miliona tonnes, ma lalo o 13% makahiki ma ka makahiki.No ka manawa lōʻihi, ua lawe ʻia ma kahi o 80% o nā huahana kila o Ukraine.I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ma muli o ka pāpālua ʻana o nā uku kaʻaahi ukana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā awa ma ka ʻāina ʻo Black Sea, ua nalowale nā hui kila o ka ʻāina i nā ala kūpono a me ka haʻahaʻa.
Ma hope o ka luku ʻia ʻana o ka ʻenehana ikehu, ua koi ʻia ka nui o nā hui kila o ka ʻāina e pani.Eia nō naʻe, me ka ʻōnaehana ikehu Ukrainian i hoʻi i ka hana, hiki i ka hapa nui o nā mea hana mana o ka ʻāina ke hoʻokō i nā koi uila ʻoihana, akā aia nō ka pono e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā kūlana hoʻolako ikehu.Eia kekahi, pono koke ka ʻoihana kila o ka ʻāina e hoʻonohonoho hou i kāna kaulahao lako a hoʻolauna i nā ala logistic hou.I kēia manawa, ua hoʻokumu hou kekahi o nā ʻoihana o ka ʻāina i nā ala logistic export ma nā kai moana ʻEulopa a me ke awa o Izmir ma ka lalo o Danube ma ka hema o Ukraine, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hiki.
ʻO ka mākeke nui no ka Ukrainian kila a me nā huahana metallurgical i mau i ka ʻāina ʻEulopa, a ʻo nā mea nui i hoʻokuʻu ʻia me ka hao hao, nā huahana semi-finished, a pēlā aku.No laila,ʻo ka uluʻana o kaʻoihana kila Ukrainian e hilinaʻi nuiʻia ma ke kūlana waiwai ma ka māhele EU.Mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2023, ʻeiwa mau hui kila nui ʻEulopa i hoʻolaha i ka hoʻomaka hou ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i kā lākou mana hana, no ka mea, ua pau nā waihona o kekahi mau mea hoʻolaha ʻEulopa i Dekemaba 2022.Me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka hana kila, ua ʻike nā kumukūʻai huahana kila i ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no ka hao hao mai nā hui kila ʻEulopa.Ma muli o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o nā awa o ke Kai ʻEleʻele, ua hoʻomau ka mākeke EU i mea nui no nā ʻoihana hao hao Ukrainian.Wahi a ka wānana Ukrainian Steel Trade Association, i ka makahiki 2023, hiki i ka 53% ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka ʻāina i nā huahana kila, e manaʻo ʻia e hoʻonui hou ʻia ka hoʻouna ʻana;e piʻi aʻe ka nui o ka hana kila i 6.5 miliona tonnes, ke awa ma hope o ka wehe ʻana o ka hiki ke pālua.
Ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau ʻoihana e hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā hana hou.
ʻOiai paʻakikī ka hoʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ka hana kila o Ukraine i ka pae ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hakakā, ua hoʻomaka kekahi mau hui o ka ʻāina e hoʻolālā i nā hoʻolālā e hoʻomaka hou i ka hana.
Hōʻike ka ʻikepili mai ka Ukrainian Steel Trade Association i ka makahiki 2022, ʻo ka awelika o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nui o ka ʻoihana kila Ukrainian he 30% wale nō.Ke hōʻike nei ka ʻoihana kila o ka ʻāina i nā hōʻailona mua o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka makahiki 2023 i ka wā e paʻa ai ka mana.I Feberuari 2023, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka huahana kila maʻemaʻe o nā hui kila Ukrainian e 49.3% o kēlā me kēia mahina, a hiki i 424,000 tons;ua hoʻonuiʻia ka huahana kila e 30% mahina-ma-mahina, hiki i 334,000 tons.
Ua kūpaʻa nā ʻoihana mining o ka ʻāina i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā lako laina hana.I kēia manawa, ke hana mau nei nā ʻoihana mining a me nā ʻoihana ʻehā ma lalo o ka Metinvest Group, me ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana o 25% a 40%.Hoʻolālā ka hui e hoʻihoʻi i ka mana mining i ka 30% o nā pae mua o ka hakakā ʻoiai ke kālele ʻana i ka hana pellet.I Malaki 2023, ua hoʻokomo ʻia ka lua o ka laina hana pellet o Ferrexpo, ka mea e hana ana i ka ʻoihana mining hao ma Ukraine.I kēia manawa, loaʻa i ka hui he 4 mau laina hana pellet i ka hana ʻana, a ʻo ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana ua hiki i ka 50%.
Ke kū nei nā ʻoihana ma nā wahi hana kila nui i nā pilikia he nui
E like me ke kūlana o kēia manawa, ma nā wahi hana kila nui o Ukraine e like me Zaporozh, Krivoy Rog, Nikopol, Dnipro, a me Kamiansk, aia nō nā hui kila e kū nei i nā hale hana a me nā ʻenehana ikehu.ʻO nā pilikia e like me ka luku a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka logistic.
ʻO ke kūkulu hou ʻana i ka ʻoihana e huki i nā hoʻopukapuka kālā he nui
ʻOiai ʻo ka hakakā ʻo Rūsia-Ukraine i hoʻopōʻino nui i ka ʻoihana kila Ukrainian, ke kūpaʻa mau nei nā hui kila Ukrainian e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.Manaʻo nō hoʻi nā mea hoʻopukapuka hoʻolālā haole e pili ana i ka hiki o ka ʻoihana kila o Ukraine.Manaʻo kekahi poʻe akamai i ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻoihana kila o Ukraine e hoʻokomo i nā ʻumi piliona kālā.
I Mei 2023, ma ka Hui Kūʻai Kūʻai Kūʻai i mālama ʻia ma Kiev, SMC, kahi hui o Metinvest Group, ua hoʻolauna mua i kahi hana kūkulu hou ʻana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Steel Dream".Hoʻolālā ka hui e hoʻolālā i 13 mau ʻano o nā hale kūkulu kila, me nā hale noho (nā hale moe a me nā hōkele), nā hale hoʻonaʻauao kaiaulu (nā kula, nā kindergartens, clinics), a me nā wahi kaʻa, nā hale haʻuki a me nā hale ma lalo o ka honua.Ua wānana ʻo SMC e pono ana ʻo Ukraine ma kahi o 3,5 miliona mau tons o ke kila no ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā hale hale a me nā ʻoihana, e lawe ana i 5 a 10 mau makahiki.I nā mahina ʻeono i hala iho nei, ma kahi o 50 mau hoa ma ka ʻāina i hui pū me ka Steel Dream initiative, me nā wili kila, nā mea hana hale a me nā mea hana hale.
Ma Malaki 2023, ua hoʻokumu kūikawā ʻo Posco Holdings Group o South Korea i kahi hui hana "Ukraine Recovery", e kālele ana i nā papahana pili i ʻelima mau kahua nui e pili ana i ke kila Ukrainian, ka palaoa, nā mea pākaukau lua, ka ikehu a me nā ʻoihana.Hoʻolālā ʻo Posco Holdings e komo i nā papahana hana kila kaiapuni.E ʻimi pū ʻo South Korea a me Ukraine i nā ʻano hana hana modular no nā hale kila, a laila e hōʻemi loa i ka manawa hana o ka hana hou.Ma ke ʻano he hana hana hou, hana mua ka hana modular i ka 70% a i ka 80% o nā mea kila i loko o ka hale hana a laila lawe iā lākou i ke kahua no ka hui.Hiki i kēia ke hoʻopōkole i ka manawa hana e 60%, a hiki ke hana hou ʻia nā mea kila.
I Iune 2023, ma ka Hui Hoʻōla ʻo Ukraine i mālama ʻia ma Lākana, ʻEnelani, ʻo Metinvest Group a me Primetals Technologies i hui pū me ka "Green Recovery of the Ukrainian Steel Industry".ʻO ka anuu kahi hana mana o ke aupuni Ukrainian a manaʻo e kākoʻo i ke kūkulu hou ʻana o ka ʻoihana kila o ka ʻāina a hoʻōla hope i ka ʻoihana Ukrainian ma o ka hoʻololi ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka ʻoihana kila.
Ua manaʻo ʻia e uku ʻia ʻo Ukraine US $ 20 biliona a i US $ 40 biliona no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kaulahao waiwai ʻōmaʻomaʻo.Ke hoʻopau ʻia ke kaulahao waiwai, manaʻo ʻia ʻo Ukraine e hoʻopuka i ka 15 miliona tons o ka "'ōmaʻomaʻo kila" i kēlā me kēia makahiki.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-20-2023